Practical guide and verification
What prime factorization represents
Every integer greater than 1 has a unique product of prime factors apart from order. Repeated primes are usually written with exponents, which makes divisibility and factor structure easier to inspect.
Handle edge cases deliberately
The number 1 has no prime factors, and zero does not have a finite prime factorization. Negative integers can be represented with a factor of −1 followed by the prime factors of the positive magnitude.
Common mistake
Do not stop after finding one divisor. The quotient must continue to be factored until every remaining factor is prime.