Calendar or duration rule
Ordinal day counts January 1 as day 1.
Leap years shift dates after February by one ordinal day.
Worked check
In a non-leap year, March 1 is day 60; in a leap year it is day 61 because February has an extra day. This makes dates after February a useful sanity check when verifying ordinal-day calculations.
Rule: Ordinal day counts January 1 as day 1. Leap years shift dates after February by one ordinal day. For a final check, distinguish calendar arithmetic from elapsed duration, confirm the intended local date or time zone, and inspect month-end, leap-year or daylight-saving boundaries when they can affect the meaning.
Ordinal-date semantics
January 1 is day 1. Leap years have 366 days and every date after February 28 shifts by one ordinal day compared with a common year.